Q: My mother has dementia, and I have trouble getting her to drink enough water. How can I encourage her to drink more water?
A: Good hydration is important for everyone, but especially for people with dementia. And yet for many reasons it can be a challenge to get them to drink the water needed to stay healthy.
People who have dementia may not recognize the feeling of thirst like the rest of us. They may not be able to communicate their need for water or be able to get themselves a drink if needed.
The consequences of dehydration for people who have dementia can be severe. It can increase their confusion and lead to urinary tract infections, constipation, or increase their risk of falling.
Pay attention to signs of dehydration. If possible, check the color of their urine. Darker urine indicates dehydration. Look for a dry mouth, constipation, infrequent urination, changes in mood, or dizziness. If you notice these signs and confusion has worsened quickly, be sure to see a doctor to check for infection.
As you mentioned, it can be tricky to encourage water drinking for people with dementia. Often just putting the glass in front of them is not enough. Make sure when you are offering a drink that you are taking the time to get in front of them, at their level, and have their attention before offering the cup.
You can also do things to encourage drinking like offering to cheers with their glass and taking a drink at the same time. An enthusiastic “Cheers!” can make it seem like a fun activity and something you are doing together.
You also may need to try a different cup, one that is not too heavy, try a brightly colored straw, or a cup that is see through so they notice the liquid inside. If plain water is not appealing try juices, tea, or smoothies. As with most things, it is trial and error.
You can also offer foods with a high-water content like ice pops, soups, or fruits like watermelon or cantaloupe.
If you notice they cough after drinking water that could be a sign of difficulty swallowing. You can ask the doctor for a swallow test. There may be times when smooth liquids become difficult and the doctor will recommend adding a thickener to make it easier to swallow.
Rather than only using verbal commands to drink, try to show them by drinking with them. If needed, you can use a hand over hand technique to help them lift the cup if they are struggling.
Remember that stress increases confusion. It can be frustrating for you and cause worry and concern. Try and take a deep breath and remind yourself that people with dementia will be sensitive to your emotions. Do not argue about it but take a break if you find your emotions heightening and try again another way.
Ultimately, you cannot force someone to drink. You can encourage and be creative. Always talk to the doctor if you have concerns. It can help to talk to other caregivers as well to share tips and tricks that work for them. Consider joining a caregiver support group. The Alzheimer’s Association provides lists of local support groups at https://www.alz.org/help-support/community/support-groups. Reach out and get support and know that you are not alone and you are doing the best you can every day.
Martha Shapiro can be reached at Senior Concerns at 805-497-0189 or by email at mshapiro@seniorconcerns.org.
